Sustainable Cementitious Composites Reinforced with Kenaf Fibers: Performance Insights from a Concise Review

Abstract

The construction industry faces increasing pressure to adopt sustainable materials that minimize environmental impact while maintaining structural performance. Natural fibers, particularly kenaf, have gained growing interest as eco-friendly alternatives in cementitious composites due to their biodegradability, cost-effectiveness, and favourable mechanical properties. This review paper aims to examine current research on kenaf fiber-reinforced cement composites, with a specific focus on their mechanical performance and durability under construction practices. By critically analysing published studies, this review highlights the effects of kenaf fiber incorporation on compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural behaviour, and resistance to cracking, degradation and, so on. The methodology employed involves a systematic collection and evaluation of peer-reviewed journal articles, conference proceedings, and other academic resources from various researchers, providing a comprehensive understanding of the key trends, experimental techniques, and outcomes reported in the field. Key findings reveal that kenaf fibers can significantly enhance the toughness and ductility of cementitious composites, although challenges such as fiber dispersion, interfacial bonding, and water absorption require optimized treatment methods and mix designs. The implications of these findings support the potential of kenaf fiber-reinforced cement composites as viable materials for green construction, especially in regions with abundant natural fiber resources. Overall, this review contributes to advancing sustainable construction materials by synthesizing the current knowledge and promoting further research into the practical integration of kenaf fibers in cement-based systems.

Keywords: natural fiber, plant fiber, kenaf fiber, cement composites, mechanical properties